itertools
itertools is about functions that take/return functions, or itertools helpers (chain, cycle, combinations). map/filter/lambda are the fresher versions.
Keep it concrete — map(str.upper, ["a","b"]) → A B. itertools.chain([1],[2,3]) → 1 2 3.
itertools — output — [1, 2, 3] then [('A','B'), ('A','C'), ('B','C')].
Exam tip
One tiny map/filter or itertools line + output.