Python · Theory

dir()

Theory

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dir() is built into Python. You do not import it. Freshers only need one honest call and the printed result — not a long definition.

dir() — output — True. dir lists attributes/methods.

Wrong type often raises TypeError. Empty values matter for bool/all/any. Don’t mix dir up with a similar name (sorted vs sort, int vs float).

Exam tip

Call dir() once and say what prints.

# dir()
print("upper" in dir(str))

dir() — output: True. dir lists attributes/methods.