Exception Handling in Java

Exceptions are problems at runtime. Handling them keeps the app from crashing blindly. try holds risky code (divide, file, parse). catch runs backup code if that problem happens. finally runs cleanup whether error happened or not — close files, close connections.

Two families: checked (must handle or declare) and unchecked (RuntimeException family). Catch specific exceptions and give a clear message. Empty catch blocks hide bugs.

Explain try / catch / finally, then checked vs unchecked in one line each.

Let's take this on the board with one tiny Main class — no extra files. Exception Handling in Java — output: Cannot divide by zero. 10/0 throws ArithmeticException; catch prints the message. x is never printed. Start from main, go line by line, and stop at each print. That output is the proof for Exception Handling.